This Framework is intended for use by people working in ministries of health, particularly in national programmes or departments responsible for TB, HIV, NCDs, primary health care, tobacco cessation, undernutrition and substance use. It is also targeted at relevant line-ministries, policymakers, international technical and funding organizations, researchers, nongovernmental and civil society organizations. In addition, it is intended for primary care workers, specialist health practitioners, and community health workers who support the response to TB and comorbidities both in the public and private sectors.