With Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) causing two of every three deaths of women each year, action to implement Universal Health Coverage (UHC) must recognise and address sex and gender differences in NCD risk factors, care pathways and outcomes if services are to be targeted effectively and deliver healthy lives and well-being for women and girls around the world. This policy brief outlines some of the gender-specific dimensions of NCDs that UHC must address, and presents a number of recommendations to improve the health and wellbeing of girls and women.